WFP School Feeding Strategy 2020 - 2030 - UN World Food Programme (WFP) Additionally, adequate nutrition is an important part of a child's development. World Bank GNI per Capita, Atlas Method. The strength of the overall evidence will be judged as high, moderate, low, or very low [21]. Developing a School Feeding Program - The Global FoodBanking Network Lunch is the most common timing for the identified programs, and the majority of the school lunch programs offer cooked meals that range from single dishes based on staples with added vegetables, legumes, and animal-source foods to menus with a main dish and a side dish; fruits are provided as part of the meal in some programs. WFP is a proud supporter and serves as the secretariat of this group, which aims to restore, strengthen and improve school meal programmes worldwide. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Finally, the inclusion of agro-family in the supply of schools is an important alternative to guarantee food security. This systematic review and meta-analysis will provide a comprehensive evidence base for the development and refinement of future school feeding programs targeted toward children and adolescents in LMICs. The eleven programs in this region only have nutritional characteristics in their description. Potential outcomes include height, weight, skinfold thickness, mid-upper arm circumference, micronutrient status, hemoglobin level, school enrollment, school attendance, dropout, school achievement (math, reading, spelling), on-task behavior, cognition, and morbidity (e.g., fever, cough, diarrhea, and vomiting). Moreover, the study identified disparities across countries where the SFPs were identified in low-middle countries compared to middle- and high-income countries. The America/Caribbean regions stand out here. As a library, NLM provides access to scientific literature. Through this work, WFP helps influence the quality of life, access to education and nutritional status of 106 million schoolchildren in 77 countries. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the impacts of school feeding programs on educational and health outcomes of children and adolescents aged 6 to 19 receiving primary or secondary education in LMICs. Europe and Central Asia were the continents with the most comprehensive SFP. In this sense, worldwide attempts to direct the consumption of healthy foods occur regularly. Yet the benefits of having school feeding programmes far exceed the costs. Working Paper Series; 2015. Nutr Rev. Obesity Rev. They are habits, food culture, acceptance; nutritional characteristics; food availability; management and execution. reviewed rigorously designed studies among children and adolescents in LMICs. Bmj. The research systematically took place concerning the capture of documents, processing, and analysis of their content [17,18]. Rating the quality of evidencestudy limitations (risk of bias). PDF The Impact of School Meal Programs on Educational Outcomes in African Disagreements in the extracted information between reviewers will be resolved by discussion or by a third reviewer. Martins Rodrigues C., Giordani Bastos L., Stangherlin Cantarelli G., Stedefeldt E., Thimoteo da Cunha D., Lcia de Freitas Saccol A. Sanitary, nutritional, and sustainable quality in food services of Brazilian early childhood education schools. Snilstveit et al. Two reviewers will independently conduct the selection of studies, data extraction, and assessment of the risk of bias. ; Formal Analysis, A.P.C. For all Foodbank contact details Google Scholar. Parent 7 "The school-based feeding program is a good program implemented in the school that provides the student with a free meal that is nutritious". 2011;64(12):128393. 1. Systematic Reviews Google Scholar. About 40 million children under five years old are overweight in these countries, and about 120 million children and adolescents are obese [7]. volume9, Articlenumber:55 (2020) Public health strategies for preventing and controlling overweight and obesity in school and worksite settings: a report on recommendations of the Task Force on Community Preventive Services. Relieving parents from having to budget for lunches, they lead to savings of about10 percentof the income of vulnerable households. Atuao de nutricionistas responsveis tcnicos pela alimentao escolar de municpios de Minas Gerais e Esprito Santo [Performance of nutritionists technically responsible for school meals in the municipalities of Minas Gerais and Esprito Santo]. PDF Republic of Rwanda Ministry of Education P.o. Box 622 Kigali - Unesco Katz DL, OConnell M, Yeh M-C, Nawaz H, Njike V, Anderson LM, et al. Obesity Rev. Rome: FAO; 2019. There is a variety of ways in which people can support WFPs mission to eliminate hunger, from making a donation to bringing your expertise to our work on the frontlines. Watkins K, Gelli A, Hamdani S, Masset E, Mersch C, Nadazdin N, et al. Similar to the cultural aspects, only 41 countries (35.0%) address food safety in their SFPs. Interventional studies without a proper control group, such as uncontrolled before-after studies, uncontrolled interrupted time series studies, and uncontrolled difference-in-difference designs. (PDF) School feeding programs in developing countries: Impacts on 5 Ways School Meals Benefit Children and Transform Communities Krishnaratne S, White H, Carpenter E. Quality education for all children? Flynn M, McNeil D, Maloff B, Mutasingwa D, Wu M, Ford C, et al. This guide lays out the steps for designing a successful school feeding program. Most regions use traffic light systems that categorize food and beverages into three groups: green, amber, and red. Ideally, cluster-randomized studies should report results from analyses that appropriately account for the study design, such as mixed-effects models or generalized estimating equations. School feeding: A tool for social inclusion - World Bank Blogs Education School feeding Programme in Nigeria; the Concept, Advantages, Disadvantages, Challenges and Prospect In this post, we discus the School feeding Programme in Nigeria. thoughout Australia pleaseclick here. Community Events and Festivals. Healthy and sustainable diet: A narrative review of the challenges and perspectives. USDA, school districts providing meals over summer break This work will not receive financial support. DW is the guarantor. Finally, the red group has no favorable nutritional value and contributes to an excessive amount of energy, total fat, sodium, and sugars [6,45]. The merging of physical education (PE) and health is becoming increasingly popular. Countries recognize these multisectoral benefits: in 2021, in response to the devastating impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on schoolchildren, governments established and now lead the global School Meals Coalition. School Feeding Program Helps to Cut Dropouts - Ethiopia It is estimated that, across the developing world, 66 million school-age children go to school every day hungry, with 23 million hungry children in Africa [1]. We prepared this protocol following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) [27]. CAS Observational studies (e.g., cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies). We will compute for each outcome a 95% prediction interval, which provides a predicted range of the effect of the intervention when applied in an individual setting [20]. Collected by one family member, the rations provide a balanced food basket comprising dairy . 2018. Data on the presence or absence of the criteria were captured by information from official websites, email responses, or by searching for articles found about SFP. It offers best practices that not only help programs address child hunger and malnutrition, but reduce food waste, increase use of local resources, and create strong stakeholder relationships. We will emphasize findings generated from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Franklin Park School . Children, Food and Nutrition: Growing Well in a Changing World. This is due to the recognition that these two subjects are interconnected and that a holistic approach to health education is necessary for students to develop healthy habits and lifestyles. The flowchart of the steps developed for the documentary research. The data extraction form is provided in Additional File 2. Home grown school feeding | World Food Programme Your privacy choices/Manage cookies we use in the preference centre. 2015;3:148. Consequently, despite the existence of the programs, there are few references and documents that guide public policies. 2023 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. They reported relatively consistent positive associations between school feeding and energy intake, micronutrient status, school enrollment, and school attendance, but reported inconclusive results on growth, cognition, and academic achievement [10]. Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions: John Wiley & Sons; 2019. To date 87,000 children are receiving daily hot meals for the past four and a half years. For potentially eligible studies and studies with unclear eligibility, the full texts will be obtained and reviewed to confirm eligibility using a form for full text screening, which will be pilot tested on five randomly selected full texts. Distribution of school-based feeding programs by regions and their respective countries. Rigorously designed interventional studies on the impacts of school feeding on nutritional and health outcomes of children and adolescents receiving primary or secondary education in LMICs will be included. An invitation to participate. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. While most countries incorporate nutritional aspects and healthy food, cultural, food safety, and agro-family participation must be incorporated in their SPF to optimize children and adolescent development. government site. This protocol was submitted for registration with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) on November 18, 2019 (registration number: pending). Wang, D., Fawzi, W.W. Impacts of school feeding on educational and health outcomes of school-age children and adolescents in low- and middle-income countries: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. Higgins JP, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, Altman DG. 2011;64(12):1294302. In this way, we transcend the definition of healthy food, including, in addition to nutritional aspects, access, safety, and origin. 2006;76(10):48595. We also aim to assess the potentially different impacts of school feeding by characteristics of the program and by composition of the foods provided. Since 2006, the WHO has been providing a framework to ensure integrated school programs based on some initiatives in the school environment. Re-imagining school feeding: a high-return investment in human capital and local economies. The school feeding program financed by the Early Grade Learning Project in Burundi PAADESCO is an ongoing program in two food insecure provinces in Burundi (Muyinga and Kirundo). School Feeding Program Definition | Law Insider Morris S.S., Barquera S., Sutrisna A., Izwardy D., Kupka R. Perspective: Interventions to improve the diets of children and adolescents. 2011;64(4):4016. However, among the countries that reported (n = 54), 87.0% subsidize 100% of food, and 13.0% partially subsidize. This work will provide a crucial evidence base for the educational and health benefits of school feeding on children and adolescents in LMICs. Hipertension y Riesgo Vascular Obesity and hypertension in Latin America: Current perspectives. Hunger is an ongoing problem that affects more than 1.2 billion people who do not have enough to eat in the world today [47]. Thus, we sought to reach a greater number of research sources to describe the presence or absence of SFP and information about them as the present characteristics. Alphabetical List of WHO Member States; WHO: Geneva, Switzerland, 2019. For RCTs, we will extract the results based on intention-to-treat analyses. Considering the other characteristics analyzed in the programs, according to Botelho [28], healthy and adequate food must be based on eating practices that also consider the social and cultural aspects of the target population. Myers G., Sauzier M., Ferguson A., Pettigrew S. Objective assessment of compliance with a state-wide school food-service policy via menu audits. The State of School Feeding Worldwide, published by the WFP, summarized the status of school feeding across the world and reported that school feeding programs are ubiquitously present. 20. The records will also be imported into Covidence (Veritas Health Innovation, Melbourne, Australia), an internet-based program that facilitates the streamlined management of the systematic review. According to the World Food Program (WFP) guidelines, a comprehensive school feeding program (SFP) is linked to a countrys financial allocation of public food and nutrition [5]. Online Weight Loss Program. Sustainability Recommendations and Practices in School Feeding: A Although these programs contemplate the nutritional aspects for healthy school feeding, other criteria such as culture, food safety, and agro-family need to be revised to comply with the FAO and WHO recommendations. For cluster-randomized trials, we will additionally consider bias from the timing of identification and recruitment of individual participants in relation to timing of randomization [16]. In Ghana, the school feeding program has been redesigned since 2011. Delivered by Life Ed Qld, the Healthy Eats program is a whole of school nutrition education program focused on increasing vegetable and fruit consumption among primary school children. Riley RD, Higgins JP, Deeks JJ. Ginani V.C., Ginani J.S., Botelho R.B.A., Zandonadi R.P., de Cssia Akutsu R., Arajo W.M.C. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the impacts of school feeding programs on the educational and health outcomes of children and adolescents in LMICs. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. Every day, millions of children around the world go to school on an empty stomach hunger affects their concentration and ability to learn. Previous reviews on the potential effects of school feeding are outdated, with the most recent Cochrane review published in 2007 [9], thus do not reflect all of the currently available evidence. Plaut D, Thomas M, Hill T, Worthington J, Fernandes M, Burnett N. Getting to education outcomes: reviewing evidence from health and education interventions. Most countries did not report whether or not the government subsidizes school meals. statement and Are school meals a viable and sustainable tool to improve the healthiness and sustainability of childrens diet and food consumption? School-age children are not commonly included in health and nutrition surveys. [1] Europe/Central Asia (n = 41; 35%): Afghanistan, Albania, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Macedonia, Poland, Portugal, Moldova, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Thailand, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom, and Uzbekistan. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Studies with results for at least one outcome of interest will be included. Thus, this is the subject of one of the discussions in the world for the guarantee of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) [37]. School feeding will be treated as a dichotomous exposure (i.e., intervention vs. control). This can effectively prevent early marriage and delay first pregnancy, both of which can trap women into poverty and social exclusion. The programs were characterized according to the four criteria described by the World Health Organization in the concept of food security [7]: (1) presence of nutritional aspects: understanding that the nutritional aspects of food enable the childs growth and development according to previously defined parameters; (2) presence of cultural aspects: valuing cultural aspects based on the presence of basic foods from the local food tradition and also considering the social and cultural aspects of the target population; (3) food safety: all procedures adopted throughout the food chain to ensure its safety; and (4) presence agro-family: comprising the participation of the agro-family in school menus, with food products supplied by local farmers. Parent 8 "The SBFP is very important to . Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Montori V, Vist G, Kunz R, Brozek J, et al. A review of nutritional guidelines and menu compositions for school feeding programs in 12 countries. For many children, school meals are the only meal they receive a day. Each domain will be judged as low risk of bias, moderate risk of bias, serious risk of bias, critical risk of bias, or no information. We will consider a non-randomized study to be of low risk of bias if it is judged to have low or moderate risk of bias for all domains; we will consider a non-randomized study to be of high risk of bias if it is judged to have serious or critical risk of bias in one or more domains; we will consider a non-randomized study to have some concerns if the assessment is unclear for one or more domains but low or moderate for all other domains. Privacy Disagreements between reviewers will be resolved by discussion or by a third reviewer when necessary. Obesity Rev. Available online: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, https://www.unicef.org/media/60806/file/SOWC-2019.pdf, https://docs.wfp.org/api/documents/WFP-0000112101/download/?_ga=2.117934027.376835949.1580789897-391419386.1580789897, https://survey.gcnf.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/GCNF_School-Meal-Programs-Around-the-World_Report_2021_Final.pdf, https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GNP.PCAP.CD?most_recent_value_desc=false, http://www.fao.org/3/ca4091en/ca4091en.pdf, https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/199350/9789241565165_eng.pdf, http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2007-2010/2009/lei/l11947.htm, https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01880619/. Reducing Fat Content of Brazilian Traditional Preparations Does Not Alter Food Acceptance: Development of a Model for Fat Reduction That Conciliates Health and Culture. Heterogeneity of effects will be assessed by I2, subgroup analyses, and meta-regression. These nutrition disparities within and across countries reinforce food insecurity and obesity classified as a global health priority. An analysis of lunch menus in 83 urban and rural Oklahoma child-care centers providing all-day care to preschool children. The PRISMA-P checklist can be obtained from Additional File 3. The last ten years have seen a growing global consensus that school feeding programmes generate a lasting impact that can shape the future of a nation. PubMed Studies conducted in LMICs as defined by the World Bank 2020 fiscal year. The amber group has nutritional value with a moderate amount of energy and saturated fat, salt, and sugars. The present study consists of a documentary analysis conducted through the consultation of the official websites followed by email and literature reviews. This section provides teachers and out of school hours teachers with access to teaching resources, easily accessible guidelines and links to nutrition related materials. J Clin Epidemiol. By using this website, you agree to our Article Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. In fact, an estimated 149 million children under the age of 5 are stunted, meaning they're not as cognitively and physically developed as they would have been had they received enough nutrients from their diets. Studies that examined the impacts of micronutrient fortification, micronutrient supplementation, or nutrition education; however, if such interventions are complementary to otherwise eligible school feeding interventions, these studies will be included. and R.B.A.B. We are the pantry to the charity sector, linking surplus food and groceries to people in need. and R.B.A.B. When more than two intervention groups are present in a study, they will be treated as separate arms. Proposal For School Feeding Program | PDF | Sustainability | Foods - Scribd To complement the school-based feeding program database, a literature review was carried out in the following databases: PUBMED, LILACS, Scielo, Google academic, and Science Direct. J Clin Epidemiol. Studies that described school feeding programs without linkage to specific outcomes. The effect of school feeding programme on class absenteeism and academic performance of schoolchildren in Southern Ethiopia: a prospective cohort study. We will also include other rigorously designed interventional studies, including controlled before-after studies (CBAs) and non-randomized controlled trials that were able to account for the baseline differences between intervention arms [9]. School feeding programs have been and will continue to be essential for the provision of nutrients, improvement of academic performance, and the promotion of a healthy lifestyle in LMICs. A report on the State of School Feeding Worldwide was first published by WFP in 2013. In the present study, out of 192 countries registered in the WFP, 117 countries (60.93%) have a school-based feeding program (SPF), and only 8 (4.16%) did not have a program (Figure 2). 8600 Rockville Pike None of the reports mentioned above quantitatively linked school feeding programs to specific outcomes of children and adolescents. Further, prior reviews have focused on the provision of school meals and did not explicitly evaluate what specific content (types and amounts of foods and nutrients) of the school meals conferred the largest benefits on outcomes [9]. Having breakfast has been shown to have a positive impact on factors such as physical and mental health, social skills, concentration, behaviour, attendance and academic outcomes. Evidence suggests that well-designed school feeding programmes can promote macronutrient and micronutrient adequacy in childrens' diets leading to enhanced nutrition and health, decreased morbidity, and increased learning capacities.27 Non-randomized controlled trials that did not account for the baseline differences between intervention arms. Schools can do a lot to promote and encourage healthy eating for their students. School meals can promote macronutrient and micronutrient adequacy in childrens diets and can set children on the path towards healthier eating habits. They noted that there was a lack of quantitative data on the impacts of school feeding, especially those from randomized controlled trials. Campbell Syst Rev. Martinelli S.S., Cavalli S.B. School meals provide essential nutrition. School Feeding Programs: What Happens Globally? - PMC Out of 192 countries registered, 117 countries (60.93%) have an SFP, and only 8 (4.16%) do not have SFPs. The overall certainty of evidence for each included outcome will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach, which considers risk of bias, publication bias, imprecision, inconsistency, and indirectness [21,22,23,24,25,26]. Drake L.J., Lazrak N., Fernandes M., Chu K., Singh S., Ryckembusch D., Nourozi S., Bundy D.A.P., Burbano C. Establishing Global School Feeding Program Targets: How Many Poor Children Globally Should Be Prioritized, and What Would Be the Cost of Implementation? When necessary, the corresponding authors of the studies will be contacted to obtain relevant information. Especially in countries with large numbers of malnourished people and countries in poorer regions, locally produced food is crucial for economic development in the region. In general, although it ranks second in the school feeding programs on the African continent, it is difficult to obtain information and details about them. More than 820 million people worldwide face food insecurity of which, 34.7 million are in Latin America. Cookies policy. However, there is still a large disparity among developed and developing countries. In this study, only one country presented a description of the school feeding programs cultural characteristics and five countries presented agro-family characteristics. Promoting a healthy environment, including food systems that promote a diverse, balanced and healthy diet, requires the involvement of multiple sectors and stakeholders, including the government and public and private sectors. Most of the students enrolled are from families with meager income. We will also include studies that examined food stamps or food vouchers distributed at school for the participants to access foods (in the market or food banks). A landmark publication developed by WFP and the editorial team of Disease Control Priorities, and published by the World Bank gives compelling evidence of the multiple benefits of investing in school feeding programmes. The . Bundy D, Silva Nd, Horton S, Jamison DT, Patton GC, Schultz L, et al. The . LAlimentation a lEcoleFaire le Choix de la Sante.
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