This separation gives the states greater autonomy to create laws based on the will of their citizenry. But not every action by the federal government is supreme-- federal activity must also follow from the Constitution or it too would be illegal. ), 0-14 years: 18.15% (male 31,509,186/female 30,154,408)15-64 years: 63.72% (male 108,346,275/female 108,100,830)65 years and over: 18.12% (2023 est.) US Coast Guard Cutter Healy (WAGB-20) approaches the pier at Base Seattle on Saturday 20 November 2021. "Democratic Republic" trending. )geothermal: 0.4% of total installed capacity (2020 est. This concept is awfl. ), 0.607 (2014 est), 0.6391 (2013 est. Constitutional monarchies are a special case: even though the monarch is not elected, the people still elect other governing bodies. ), 6.6445 (2016 est. ), 126.39% of GDP (2020 est. Key Takeaways: Republic vs. Democracy )percent of population: 92% (2021 est. It is a government of laws not of men. ), 121.02 (2014 est. )wine: 1.67 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. As a result, the constitutional ratifying conventions in almost every state demanded an amendment or amendments clarifying the limited power of the federal government to protect states sovereignty, and several insisted on specific individual liberties as well. note: data are in current year dollars$2.813 trillion (2020 est.) )refined petroleum consumption: 20,542,900 bbl/day (2019 est. )note: data are in 2017 dollars, 4.7% (2021 est. ), total: 16 yearsmale: 16 yearsfemale: 17 years (2020), total: 9.6%male: 10.5%female: 8.6% (2021 est. The goal of a constitutional republic is to ensure all people are equally represented, and that the government works for the people while preventing tyranny and corruption. What their power is limited to is written in the constitution. The Ninth Amendment similarly held that a list of civil libertieswhat the federal government could not do- did not imply the federal government could do everything else. )imports of goods and services: -15% (2017 est. A view of a liquified natural gas (LNG) carrier docking at the Cove Point, Maryland LNG terminal. A constitutional republic refers to a form of government, where the head of state and other officials are representatives of the people and which governs in accordance with existing constitutional law. )note: a separate listing for Hispanic is not included because the US Census Bureau considers Hispanic to mean persons of Spanish/Hispanic/Latino origin including those of Mexican, Cuban, Puerto Rican, Dominican Republic, Spanish, and Central or South American origin living in the US who may be of any race or ethnic group (White, Black, Asian, etc. A federal parliamentary republic refers to a federation of states with a republican form of government that is, more or less, dependent upon the confidence of parliaments at both the national and sub-national levels. ), 1.2788 (2014 est. )$516.701 billion (31 December 2019 est. A form of government in which officials are elected by citizens to lead them as directed by their country's constitution. A presidential system differs from a parliamentary . For the Founders, the principle of federalism was a means of protecting liberty by limiting and dividing government power. Suppose a specific law is believed to go against the United States Constitution. Various .gov sites say that America is a constitutional federal republic: The web site of the U.S. Embassy in Argentina. Faye Higbee September 1, 2022 0 3,667 2 minutes read The Founding Fathers believed that Democracy was "mob rule." In a Democracy- the word that slithers off the tongues of leftist Democrats every day - the majority can rule over the individual without regard to their rights. Since the end of World War II, the economy has achieved relatively steady growth, low unemployment and inflation, and rapid advances in technology. [1], Supporters of such a republic[who?] Thus, a federal republic has power divisions and regional governments fall under the power domain of the national government. A constitutional republic is a state where the chief executive and representatives are elected, and the rules are set down in a written constitution. )carbon dioxide emissions: 5,006.3 megatons (2016 est. )1 (2018 est. )note: data cover only what the United States Treasury denotes as "Debt Held by the Public," which includes all debt instruments issued by the Treasury that are owned by non-US Government entities; the data include Treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data exclude debt issued by individual US states, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of Treasury borrowings from surpluses in the trusts for Federal Social Security, Federal Employees, Hospital and Supplemental Medical Insurance (Medicare), Disability and Unemployment, and several other smaller trusts; if data for intragovernment debt were added, "gross debt" would increase by about one-third of GDP, 9.86% (of GDP) (2020 est. ), total: 38.5 yearsmale: 37.2 yearsfemale: 39.8 years (2020 est. )agricultural: 176.2 billion cubic meters (2020 est. The economic system of the United States is a capitalist or market economy, in which almost all businesses are owned and operated by private individuals, partnerships, and stockholders rather than by the government. It differs from a unitary state in that in a federal republic, the authorities of the state governments cannot be taken back by the central government. In a constitutional republic, people elect representatives, and those people generally vote to make decisions or laws. The United States of America is governed as a federal republic, and therefore some argue that the U.S. is not a democracy. )crude oil estimated reserves: 47.107 billion barrels (2020 est. agriculture: 0.9% (2017 est. No office holder can get to a position of absolute power. COMMUNISM noun : a totalitarian system of government in which a single authoritarian party controls state-owned means of production / a final stage of society in Marxist theory in which the state has withered away and economic goods are distributed equitably. This type of political system is defined as federalism. )note: data represent the language spoken at home; the US has no official national language, but English has acquired official status in 32 of the 50 states; Hawaiian is an official language in the state of Hawaii, and 20 indigenous languages are official in Alaska, Protestant 46.5%, Roman Catholic 20.8%, Jewish 1.9%, Church of Jesus Christ 1.6%, other Christian 0.9%, Muslim 0.9%, Jehovah's Witness 0.8%, Buddhist 0.7%, Hindu 0.7%, other 1.8%, unaffiliated 22.8%, don't know/refused 0.6% (2014 est. ), general assessment: the US telecom sector adapted well to the particular demands of the pandemic, which has led to strong growth in the number of mobile, mobile broadband, and fixed broadband subscribers since 2020; the level of growth is expected to taper off from late 2022 as the demand for working and schooling from home subsides; the pandemic also encouraged the Federal government to increase its investment in broadband infrastructure; of particular note was the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act of November 2021, which provided $65 billion to a range of programs aimed at delivering broadband to unserved areas, providing fiber-based broadband to upgrade existing service areas, and subsidizing the cost of services to low income households; alongside these fiscal efforts have been the several spectrum auctions undertaken during the last two years, which have greatly assisted the main licensees to improve the reach and quality of their offers based on LTE and 5G; some of this spectrum, auctioned during 2021, was only made available to licensees from February 2022; the widening availability of 5G from the main providers has resulted in a dramatic increase in mobile data traffic; in tandem with the focus on 5G, operators have closed down their GSM and CDMA networks, and have either closed down 3G networks (as AT&T did in January 2022), or plan to in coming months; given the size of the US broadband market, and the growing demand for data on both fixed and mobile networks, there is continuous pressure for operators to invest in fiber networks, and to push connectivity closer to consumers; in recent years the US has seen increased activity from regional players as well as the major telcos and cablecos; although there has been considerable investment in DOCSIS4.0, some of the cablecos are looking to ditch HFC in preference for fiber broadband; the process of migrating from copper (HFC and DSL) to fiber is ongoing, but given the scale of the work involved it will take some years; some operators have investment strategies in place through to 2025, which will see the vast majority of their fixed networks being entirely on fiber; service offerings of up to 2Gb/s are becoming more widely available as the process continues (2022)domestic: fixed-line just over 29 per 100 and mobile-cellular is 110 per 100 (2021)international: country code - 1; landing points for the Quintillion Subsea Cable Network, TERRA SW, AU-Aleutian, KKFL, AKORN, Alaska United -West, & -East & -Southeast, North Star, Lynn Canal Fiber, KetchCar 1, PC-1, SCCN, Tat TGN-Pacific & -Atlantic, Jupiter, Hawaiki, NCP, FASTER, HKA, JUS, AAG, BtoBE, Currie, Southern Cross NEXT, SxS, PLCN, Utility EAC-Pacific, SEA-US, Paniolo Cable Network, HICS, HIFN, ASH, Telstra Endeavor, Honotua, AURORA, ARCOS, AMX-1, Americas -I &-II, Columbus IIb & -III, Maya-1, MAC, GTMO-1, BICS, CFX-1, GlobeNet, Monet, SAm-1, Bahamas 2, PCCS, BRUSA, Dunant, MAREA, SAE x1,TAT 14,Apollo, Gemini Bermuda, Havfrue/AEC-2, Seabras-1,WALL-LI, NYNJ-1, FLAG Atalantic-1, Yellow, Atlantic Crossing-1,AE Connect -1, sea2shore, Challenger Bermuda-1, andGTT Atlanticsubmarine cable systems providing international connectivity to Europe, Africa,the Middle East, Asia, Southeast Asia, Australia,New Zealand, Pacific, &Atlantic, and Indian OceanIslands, Central and South America, Caribbean, Canadaand US; satellite earth stations - 61 Intelsat (45 Atlantic Ocean and 16 Pacific Ocean), 5 Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean region), and 4 Inmarsat (Pacific and Atlantic Ocean regions) (2020), 4 major terrestrial TV networks with affiliate stations throughout the country, plus cable and satellite networks, independent stations, and a limited public broadcasting sector that is largely supported by private grants; overall, thousands of TV stations broadcasting; multiple national radio networks with many affiliate stations; while most stations are commercial, National Public Radio (NPR) has a network of some 900 member stations; satellite radio available; in total, over 15,000 radio stations operating (2018), total: 312.8 million (2021 est. )note: data are in 2017 dollars, 5.95% (2021 est. 3860; Magd Zalok (the Republic of Turkey (Turkey)) at (202) 482-4162; and Myrna Lobo (the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (Vietnam)) at (202) 482-2371, AD/CVD Operations, Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1401 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20230. The Constitution creates the form of government we have in the United States, which is a constitutional and federal republic. This page was last changed on 25 April 2023, at 12:23. )municipal solid waste recycled annually: 89.268 million tons (2014 est. McKinley) is the highest point (6,190 m) in North America and Death Valley the lowest point (-86 m) on the continent, note 2: the western coast of the United States and southern coast of Alaska lie along the Ring of Fire, a belt of active volcanoes and earthquake epicenters bordering the Pacific Ocean; up to 90% of the world's earthquakes and some 75% of the world's volcanoes occur within the Ring of Fire, note 3: the Aleutian Islands are a chain of volcanic islands that divide the Bering Sea (north) from the main Pacific Ocean (south); they extend about 1,800 km westward from the Alaskan Peninsula; the archipelago consists of 14 larger islands, 55 smaller islands, and hundreds of islets; there are 41 active volcanoes on the islands, which together form a large northern section of the Ring of Firenote 4: Mammoth Cave, in west-central Kentucky, is the world's longest known cave system with more than 650 km (405 miles) of surveyed passageways, which is nearly twice as long as the second-longest cave system, the Sac Actun underwater cave in Mexico - the world's longest underwater cave system (see "Geography - note" under Mexico); note 5: Kazumura Cave on the island of Hawaii is the world's longest and deepest lava tube cave; it has been surveyed at 66 km (41 mi) long and 1,102 m (3,614 ft) deep note 6: Bracken Cave outside of San Antonio, Texas is the world's largest bat cave; it is the summer home to the largest colony of bats in the world; an estimated 20 million Mexican free-tailed bats roost in the cave from March to October making it the world's largest known concentration of mammalsnote 7: the US is reliant on foreign imports for 100% of its needs for the following strategic resources - Arsenic, Cesium, Fluorspar, Gallium, Graphite, Indium, Manganese, Niobium, Rare Earths, Rubidium, Scandium, Tantalum, Yttrium; see Appendix H: Strategic Materials for further detailsnote 8: three food crops are generally acknowledged to be native to areas of what is now the United States: cranberries, pecans, and sunflowers, 339,665,118 (2023 est. This was because, according to the Declaration, humans are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, especially life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, and Great Britain was not respecting the rights of the colonists. What their power is limited to is written in the constitution. The Founders wrote the Constitution to ensure the government remained bound to its principles and promises, but they recognized that to be a lasting document, it would need to change. Constitutional republics usually have a separation of powers. We outline their history and analyze the pros and cons of having a monarchy in the twenty-first century. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. ), 6.2275 (2015 est. In October 1787, the first in a . This sustained refusal is why the colonists concluded that they were justified in turning to rebellion, as a last resort, in order to create new governments that would protect their rights.". ), 12.21 births/1,000 population (2023 est. ), 1.3256 (2015 est. Photo courtesy of US Coast Guard. )$20.513 trillion (2019 est. )consumption: 3,897,886,551,000 kWh (2020 est. The Declaration of Independence lays out the core ideals behind and the political philosophy of the United States. A republic is a country belonging to the people, whereas a federation is a form of government where by . Building off the ideas of self-government and the consent of the governed in the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution begins with We the People, announcing the purposes and goals of the Constitution, before listing the structures and protections of individual rights its authors designed to implement those objectives. The states have their laws, but they are also subject to the laws of the federal government. Another basic concept embodied in the Constitution is federalism, which refers to the division and sharing of power between the national and state governments. )note: includes unemployed, agriculture: 0.7% (2009)industry: 20.3% (2009)services: 37.3% (2009)industry and services: 24.2% (2009)manufacturing: 17.6% (2009)farming, forestry, and fishing: 0.7% (2009)manufacturing, extraction, transportation, and crafts: 20.3% (2009)managerial, professional, and technical: 37.3% (2009)sales and office: 24.2% (2009)other services: 17.6% (2009)note: figures exclude the unemployed, 5.46% (2021 est. Aristotle was the first to write about the idea in his works on politics. By George Thomas Getty / The Atlantic November 2, 2020 Dependent on a minority of the population to hold national power, Republicans such as Senator Mike Lee of Utah have taken to reminding the. The individual rights proposed by some of the conventions were fleshed out by James Madison into the rest of the Bill of Rights. The 4th of July is the first great fact in your nations history Pride and patriotism, not less than gratitude, prompt you to celebrate and to hold it in perpetual remembrance [T]he Declaration of Independence is the ring-bolt to the chain of your nations destiny; so, indeed, I regard it. The guide is an excellent research tool for students to use to gain a deeper understanding of one of our nation's founding documents and the establishment of the federal government. )investment in inventories: 0.1% (2017 est. The binding nature of law means everyonenot just citizens, but the government, its leaders and officialsmust follow and obey the law. )solar: 3.2% of total installed capacity (2020 est. The delegates to the Constitutional Convention embraced the difficult duty of crafting a government that appropriately distributed the power between the national government and the states. While many proposed amendments were ultimately rejected, basic structural concerns were addressed by what became the Ninth and Tenth Amendments. ), on food: 6.4% of household expenditures (2018 est. For example, the United States is a Constitutional Democratic Federal Republic. ), Number of operational nuclear reactors: 93 (2023)Number of nuclear reactors under construction: 1Net capacity of operational nuclear reactors: 95.83GW (2021)Percent of total electricity production: 20% (2021)Percent of total energy produced: 8.2% (2021)Number of nuclear reactors permanently shut down: 20note: The US has the World's largest nuclear energy program with 26% of the World's net capacity of nuclear reactors, production: 495.13 million metric tons (2020 est. (Many of these state provisions actually preceded and even served as models for the Bill of Rights). )male: 28.4% (2020 est. Many countries have a federal republic government; for example, the Republic of Austria, the Federal Republic of Brazil, the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Republic of India, the United Mexican States, the Swiss Confederation, the Federal Republic of Nigeria, the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, and the United States of America. The United States is a Constitutional Federal Republic By Clark T. Volmar March 15, 2022 Constitution What is a Constitution? )note: approximately 4/5ths of US external debt is denominated in US dollars; foreign lenders have been willing to hold US dollar denominated debt instruments because they view the dollar as the world's reserve currency, British pounds per US dollar: 0.7836 (2017 est. The first ten amendments to the Constitution are known as the Bill of Rights and were ratified in 1791. A federal republic is a federation of states, with a republican form of central government. The U.S. Constitution is the supreme law of the land, establishing the federal government, defining that government's powers and structures, and protecting the basic rights of all Americans. note: data are in current year dollars$2.159 trillion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars, China 18%, Mexico 15%, Canada 13%, Japan 6%, Germany 5% (2019), cars, crude petroleum, computers, broadcasting equipment, packaged medicines (2019), $716.152 billion (31 December 2021 est. An aerial view of the Golden Pass LNG export terminal at Port Arthur, Texas. )arable land: 16.8% (2018 est. The legislative branch is divided into an upper house, the Senate, and a lower house, the Chamber of Deputies. federalism, mode of political organization that unites separate states or other polities within an overarching political system in a way that allows each to maintain its own integrity. )-$445.955 billion (2019 est. , vast central plain, mountains in west, hills and low mountains in east; rugged mountains and broad river valleys in Alaska; rugged, volcanic topography in Hawaii, highest point: Denali 6,190 m (Mount McKinley) (highest point in North America)lowest point: Death Valley (lowest point in North America) -86 mmean elevation: 760 mnote: Denali is one of the most striking features on the entire planet; at 20,310 feet, it is the crowning peak of the Alaska Range and the highest mountain on North America; it towers three and one-half vertical miles above its base, making it a mile taller from base to summit than Mt. Probably liberals' wet dream. A federal republic is a federation of states with a republican form of government. )permanent pasture: 27.4% (2018 est. From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, "State Politics vs. the Federal Government", https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Federal_republic&oldid=8791798, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. )2.29% (2019 est. Republic with an executive presidency or directory nominated by or elected by the legislature: President or Directory is both head of state and government; ministry, including the president, may or may not be subject to parliamentary confidence The federal government of the United States ( U.S. federal government or U.S. government) [a] is the national government of the United States, a federal republic located primarily in North America, composed of 50 states, five major self-governing territories, several island possessions, and the federal district and national capital of . The Declaration explains that the very purpose of government is to protect these rights. This tradition of political liberty is why the Constitution carefully limits government, such as by separating power into three branches of government: to ensure no part of the government can become too powerful. There can be more than one type of Federal republic. US Coast Guard Cutter Healy, St. John's Bay, Newfoundland 4 June 2000. Photo courtesy of the US Coast Guard. As this list shows, some of these countries use "Federal Republic" in their name, and some do not. Constitution comes from the Latin word constitutio; meaning: a collection of foundational principles that make up the legal basis for an organization or government; how the administration will be determined. A constitutional republic is a state where the chief executive and representatives are elected, and the rules are set down in a written constitution. ), fossil fuels: 59.9% of total installed capacity (2020 est. )permanent crops: 0.3% (2018 est. "Federal court review of a state court's interpretation of state law in a federal election case should be deferential," he wrote, "but deference is not abdication." We are a Federal Constitutional Republic. The United States is a constitutional federal republic, in which the president (the head of state and head of government), Congress, and judiciary share powers reserved . They elect people to represent and protect their interests in how the government functions. )exports of goods and services: 12.1% (2017 est. ), total: 8.93 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. )proven reserves: 228.662 billion metric tons (2019 est. Comparisons can be made. )imports: 4.808 million metric tons (2020 est. ), fresh water lake(s): Michigan 57,750 sq km; Superior* 53,348 sq km; Huron* 23,597 sq km; Erie* 12,890 sq km; Ontario* 9,220 sq km; Lake of the Woods 4,350 sq km; Iliamna 2,590 sq km; Okeechobee 1,810 sq km; Belcharof 1,190 sq km; Red 1,170 sq km; Saint Clair 1,113 sq km; Champlain 1,100 sq kmnote - Great Lakes* area shown as US waterssalt water lake(s): Great Salt 4,360 sq km; Pontchartrain 1,620 sq km; Selawik 1,400 sq km; Salton Sea 950 sq km, Missouri - 3,768 km; Mississippi - 3,544 km; Yukon river mouth (shared with Canada [s]) - 3,190 km; Saint Lawrence (shared with Canada) - 3,058 km; Rio Grande river source ( mouth shared with Mexico) - 3,057 km; Colorado river source (shared with Mexico [m]) - 2,333 km; Arkansas - 2,348 km; Columbia river mouth (shared with Canada [s]) - 2,250 km; Red - 2,188 km; Ohio - 2,102 km; Snake - 1,670 kmnote [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth, Atlantic Ocean drainage: (Gulf of Mexico) Mississippi* (3,202,185 sq km); Rio Grande (607,965 sq km); (Gulf of Saint Lawrence) Saint Lawrence* (1,049,636 sq km total, US only 505,000 sq km)Pacific Ocean drainage: Yukon* (847,620 sq km, US only 23,820 sq km); Colorado (703,148 sq km); Columbia* (657,501 sq km, US only 554,501 sq km)note - watersheds shared with Canada shown with *, Northern Great Plains Aquifer, Cambrian-Ordovician Aquifer System, Californian Central Valley Aquifer System, Ogallala Aquifer (High Plains), Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plains Aquifer, large urban clusters are spread throughout the eastern half of the US (particularly the Great Lakes area, northeast, east, and southeast) and the western tier states; mountainous areas, principally the Rocky Mountains and Appalachian chain, deserts in the southwest, the dense boreal forests in the extreme north, and the central prarie states are less densely populated; Alaska's population is concentrated along its southern coast - with particular emphasis on the city of Anchorage - and Hawaii's is centered on the island of Oahu, tsunamis; volcanoes; earthquake activity around Pacific Basin; hurricanes along the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts; tornadoes in the Midwest and Southeast; mud slides in California; forest fires in the west; flooding; permafrost in northern Alaska, a major impediment to development, volcanism: volcanic activity in the Hawaiian Islands, Western Alaska, the Pacific Northwest, and in the Northern Mariana Islands; both Mauna Loa (4,170 m) in Hawaii and Mount Rainier (4,392 m) in Washington have been deemed Decade Volcanoes by the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior, worthy of study due to their explosive history and close proximity to human populations; Pavlof (2,519 m) is the most active volcano in Alaska's Aleutian Arc and poses a significant threat to air travel since the area constitutes a major flight path between North America and East Asia; St. Helens (2,549 m), famous for the devastating 1980 eruption, remains active today; numerous other historically active volcanoes exist, mostly concentrated in the Aleutian arc and Hawaii; they include: in Alaska: Aniakchak, Augustine, Chiginagak, Fourpeaked, Iliamna, Katmai, Kupreanof, Martin, Novarupta, Redoubt, Spurr, Wrangell, Trident, Ugashik-Peulik, Ukinrek Maars, Veniaminof; in Hawaii: Haleakala, Kilauea, Loihi; in the Northern Mariana Islands: Anatahan; and in the Pacific Northwest: Mount Baker, Mount Hood; see note 2 under "Geography - note", note 1: world's third-largest country by size (after Russia and Canada) and by population (after China and India); Denali (Mt. )1 (2019 est. - WorldAtlas Is the United States a Republic or a Democracy? ), total subscriptions: 360 million (2021 est. The Constitutions status as supreme law of the land works in two ways. that our cases have recognized are those grounded in the relationship between the Federal Government and the States under our . If there is dispute about what the constitution means, this is decided by a court system that is independent from the representatives. ), 18.937 million New York-Newark, 12.534 million Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana, 8.937 million Chicago, 6.707 million Houston, 6.574 million Dallas-Fort Worth, 5.490 million WASHINGTON, D.C. (capital) (2023), at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female NA0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female65 years and over: 0.81 male(s)/femaletotal population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2023 est. US Coast Guard Cutter Polar Star (WAGB 10) sits hove-to ice on the frozen Ross Sea, Antarctica, on 6 January 2022. )spirits: 3.29 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. ), 3.01 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est. )1 (2020 est. Indeed, lawmakers, judges, and officers of federal and state governments must take a specific oath to faithfully follow the U.S. Constitution. )from consumed natural gas: 1,684,008,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. The justices ruled in a 6-3 vote that the North Carolina Supreme Court was acting within its authority in concluding that the map constituted a partisan gerrymander under the state Constitution. For example, one did not need to specifically protect freedom of speech when the federal government had not been given explicit authority to restrict speech in the first place. )100.9% of GDP (2019 est. )Chinese yuan per US dollar: 1, 6.7588 (2017 est. This interactive guide to the U.S. Constitution provides the original text and an explanation of the meaning of each article and amendment. In the various public offices he held, Jefferson sought to establish a federal government of limited powers. ), household consumption: 68.4% (2017 est. ), municipal: 58.39 billion cubic meters (2020 est. ), conventional long form: United States of Americaconventional short form: United Statesabbreviation: US or USAetymology: the name America is derived from that of Amerigo VESPUCCI (1454-1512) - Italian explorer, navigator, and cartographer - using the Latin form of his name, Americus, feminized to America, name: Washington, DCgeographic coordinates: 38 53 N, 77 02 Wtime difference: UTC-5 (during Standard Time)daylight saving time: +1hr, begins second Sunday in March; ends first Sunday in Novembertime zone note: the 50 United States cover six time zonesetymology: named after George WASHINGTON (1732-1799), the first president of the United States, 50 states and 1 district*; Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia*, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming, American Samoa, Baker Island, Guam, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Islands, Navassa Island, Northern Mariana Islands, Palmyra Atoll, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, Wake Islandnote: from 18 July 1947 until 1 October 1994, the US administered the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands; it entered into a political relationship with all four political entities: the Northern Mariana Islands is a commonwealth in political union with the US (effective 3 November 1986); the Republic of the Marshall Islands signed a Compact of Free Association with the US (effective 21 October 1986); the Federated States of Micronesia signed a Compact of Free Association with the US (effective 3 November 1986); Palau concluded a Compact of Free Association with the US (effective 1 October 1994), 4 July 1776 (declared independence from Great Britain); 3 September 1783 (recognized by Great Britain), history: previous 1781 (Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union); latest drafted July - September 1787, submitted to the Congress of the Confederation 20 September 1787, submitted for states' ratification 28 September 1787, ratification completed by nine of the 13 states 21 June 1788, effective 4 March 1789amendments: proposed as a "joint resolution" by Congress, which requires a two-thirds majority vote in both the House of Representatives and the Senate or by a constitutional convention called for by at least two thirds of the state legislatures; passage requires ratification by three fourths of the state legislatures or passage in state-held constitutional conventions as specified by Congress; the US president has no role in the constitutional amendment process; amended many times, last in 1992, common law system based on English common law at the federal level; state legal systems based on common law, except Louisiana, where state law is based on Napoleonic civil code; judicial review of legislative acts, withdrew acceptance of compulsory ICJ jurisdiction in 2005; withdrew acceptance of ICCt jurisdiction in 2002, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: yesdual citizenship recognized: no, but the US government acknowledges such situtations exist; US citizens are not encouraged to seek dual citizenship since it limits protection by the USresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, chief of state: President Joseph R. BIDEN, Jr. (since 20 January 2021); Vice President Kamala D. HARRIS (since 20 January 2021); note - the president is both chief of state and head of governmenthead of government: President Joseph R. BIDEN, Jr. (since 20 January 2021); Vice President Kamala D. HARRIS (since 20 January 2021)cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president, approved by the Senateelections/appointments: president and vice president indirectly elected on the same ballot by the Electoral College of 'electors' chosen from each state; president and vice president serve a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 3 November 2020 (next to be held on 5 November 2024)election results: 2020: Joseph R. BIDEN, Jr. elected president; electoral vote - Joseph R. BIDEN, Jr. (Democratic Party) 306, Donald J. TRUMP (Republican Party) 232; percent of direct popular vote - Joseph R. BIDEN Jr. 51.3%, Donald J. TRUMP 46.9%, other 1.8%2016: Donald J. TRUMP elected president; electoral vote - Donald J. TRUMP (Republican Party) 304, Hillary D. CLINTON (Democratic Party) 227, other 7; percent of direct popular vote - Hillary D. CLINTON 48.2%, Donald J. TRUMP 46.1%, other 5.7%, description: bicameral Congress consists of:Senate (100 seats; 2 members directly elected in each of the 50 state constituencies by simple majority vote except in Georgia and Louisiana which require an absolute majority vote with a second round if needed; members serve 6-year terms with one-third of membership renewed every 2 years)House of Representatives (435 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote except in Georgia which requires an absolute majority vote with a second round if needed; members serve 2-year terms)elections: Senate - last held on 8 November 2022 (next to be held on 3 November 2024)House of Representatives - last held on 8 November 2022 (next to be held on 3 November 2024)election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Democratic Party 51, Republican Party 49; composition - men 75, women 25, percent of women 25% House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Republican Party 222, Democratic Party 213; composition - men 307, women 128, percent of women 29.4%; note - total US Congress percent of women 28.6%note: in addition to the regular members of the House of Representatives there are 6 non-voting delegates elected from the District of Columbia and the US territories of American Samoa, Guam, Puerto Rico, the Northern Mariana Islands, and the Virgin Islands; these are single seat constituencies directly elected by simple majority vote to serve a 2-year term (except for the resident commissioner of Puerto Rico who serves a 4-year term); the delegate can vote when serving on a committee and when the House meets as the Committee of the Whole House, but not when legislation is submitted for a full floor House vote; election of delegates last held on 8 November 2022 (next to be held on 3 November 2024), highest court(s): US Supreme Court (consists of 9 justices - the chief justice and 8 associate justices)judge selection and term of office: president nominates and, with the advice and consent of the Senate, appoints Supreme Court justices; justices serve for lifesubordinate courts: Courts of Appeal (includes the US Court of Appeal for the Federal District and 12 regional appeals courts); 94 federal district courts in 50 states and territoriesnote: the US court system consists of the federal court system and the state court systems; although each court system is responsible for hearing certain types of cases, neither is completely independent of the other, and the systems often interact, Democratic Party [Jaime HARRISON]Green Party [collective leadership]Libertarian Party [Angela McARDLE]Republican Party [Ronna Romney MCDANIEL], ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), ANZUS, APEC, Arctic Council, ARF, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CBSS (observer), CD, CE (observer), CERN (observer), CICA (observer), CP, EAPC, EAS, EBRD, EITI (implementing country), FAO, FATF, G-5, G-7, G-8, G-10, G-20, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSMA, MINUSTAH, MONUSCO, NAFTA, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS, OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club, PCA, PIF (partner), Quad, SAARC (observer), SELEC (observer), SICA (observer), SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNHRC, UNITAR, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNRWA, UN Security Council (permanent), UNTSO, UPU, USMCA, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC, 13 equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white; there is a blue rectangle in the upper hoist-side corner bearing 50 small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars; the 50 stars represent the 50 states, the 13 stripes represent the 13 original colonies; blue stands for loyalty, devotion, truth, justice, and friendship, red symbolizes courage, zeal, and fervency, while white denotes purity and rectitude of conduct; commonly referred to by its nickname of Old Glorynote: the design and colors have been the basis for a number of other flags, including Chile, Liberia, Malaysia, and Puerto Rico, bald eagle; national colors: red, white, blue, name: "The Star-Spangled Banner"lyrics/music: Francis Scott KEY/John Stafford SMITHnote: adopted 1931; during the War of 1812, after witnessing the successful American defense of Fort McHenry in Baltimore following British naval bombardment, Francis Scott KEY wrote the lyrics to what would become the national anthem; the lyrics were set to the tune of "The Anacreontic Song"; only the first verse is sung, total World Heritage Sites: 24 (11 cultural, 12 natural, 1 mixed); note - includes one site in Puerto Ricoselected World Heritage Site locales: Yellowstone National Park (n); Grand Canyon National Park (n); Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site (c); Independence Hall (c); Statue of Liberty (c); Yosemite National Park (n); Papahnaumokukea (m); Monumental Earthworks of Poverty Point (c); The 20th-Century Architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright (c); Mesa Verde National Park (c); Mammoth Cave National Park (n); Monticello (c); Olympic National Park (n), high-income, diversified North American economy; NATO leader; largest importer and second-largest exporter; home to leading financial exchanges; high and growing public debt; rising socioeconomic inequalities; historically low interest rates; hit by COVID-19, $21.132 trillion (2021 est.
What Is Polygenic Inheritance,
Land For Sale In Bartow, Fl,
Condensing Unit Spec Section,
How Old Is Conrad Fisher,
Articles W